This study focuses on the influence of lagged profitability on financial performance measured by the company’s market value in the context of an emerging transitional economy. In order to com-plete the research goals, the data of 29 listed food manufacturing companies in Vietnam in the period from 2014 to 2019 is used. The data is analysed by using software STATA 14. The empirical results show that both lagged variables including ROA and ROE have a significantly positive impact on financial performance measured by Tobin’s Q.