The study aims to analyze the impact of environmental factors on the implementation of social dia-logue at garment enterprises in Vietnam. Data collected from 176 garment enterprises via designed questionnaires. The study uses SPSS and AMOS software version 21 to analyze descriptive statistics, testing the scale’s reliability, EFA analyze, CFA analyze, SEM analyze, testing 04 research hypothesis inherited from researchers and 01 hypothesis proposed in the context of research in Vietnam. The research results show that the research hypotheses are accepted and factors affecting the implementation of social dialogue at garment enterprises include: Labor law, management capacity of labor authorities, capacity of subjects labor relations, corporate culture, textile and garment industry’s collective bargaining agreement. In partic-ular, the capacity of subjects in labor relations has the strongest impact on the implementation of social dia-logue at garment enterprises in Vietnam. At the same time, the study also offers a number of solutions to improve conditions for promoting social dialogue at garment enterprises in Vietnam.